Unix 系统下的 Apache 2.0

本节包括在 Unix 平台的 Apache 2.0 下安装 PHP 的说明和提示。

警告

不推荐将线程化 MPM 用于实际运作的 Apache 2 环境中去。用 prefork MPM 替代，或者用 Apache 1。其原因见 FAQ 中的使用线程化 MPM 的 Apache2。

推荐阅读 Apache 文档，了解一下 Apache 2.0 服务器。

PHP 和 Apache 2.0.x 兼容性注意事项: 已知下列版本的 PHP 可以工作于最近版本的 Apache 2.0.x 之下：
PHP 4.3.0 或更高版本，可从 http://www.php.net/downloads.php 下载。
最新的稳定开发版。取得源代码 http://snaps.php.net/php4-latest.tar.gz 或下载 Windows 可执行程序 http://snaps.php.net/win32/php4-win32-latest.zip。
预发布版，可从 http://qa.php.net/ 下载。
总是可以通过匿名 CVS 取得 PHP。
以上版本的 PHP 与 Apache 2.0.40 或更高版本兼容。
Apache 2.0 SAPI 支持自 PHP 4.2.0 起。PHP 4.2.3 可工作于 2.0.39，不要用任何其它版本的 Apache 与 PHP 4.2.3 配合。不过推荐的设置是用 PHP 4.3.0 或更高版本与最新版的 Apache2 配合使用。
所有提及的 PHP 版本仍然能工作于 Apache 1.3.x 之下。

下载最新版本的 Apache 2.0，并且根据上文选择合适版本的 PHP 下载。本向导仅包含最基础的内容，只能让 Apache 2.0 和 PHP 能够正常工作。更多信息请阅读 Apache 文档。这里省略所有的版本号，以保证本文的正确性。需要将本文的“NN”替换为相应的版本号。

例子 4-4. 安装说明（Apache 2 共享模块版本）

1.  gzip -d httpd-2_0_NN.tar.gz
2.  tar xvf httpd-2_0_NN.tar
3.  gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
4.  tar -xvf php-NN.tar
5.  cd httpd-2_0_NN
6.  ./configure --enable-so
7.  make
8.  make install

    现在已经将 Apache 2.0.NN 安装在 /usr/local/apache。本安装支持可装载模块
    和标准的 MPM prefork。之后，可以使用如下命令启动 Apache 服务器：
    /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
    如果成功，可以停止 Apache 服务器并继续安装 PHP：
    /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop.

9.  cd ../php4-NN

10. 现在需要配置 PHP。在这里可以用各种各样的参数来自定义PHP，例如启动哪些
    扩展功能包的支持等。用 ./configure --help 命令可以列出当前可用的所有参
    数。在此例中，将给出一个在有 MySQL 支持的 Apache 2 上进行配置的范例。
    用户本地的 apxs 的路径可能会不同，事实上，在用户的系统中，它可能被命名为
    apxs2。

    ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs

11. make
12. make install

    如果决定在安装后改变配置选项，只需重复最后的三步，然后需要重新启动 Apache
    使新模块生效。无需重新编译。

    请注意，除非明确有提示，否则“make install”命令将安装 PEAR、各种 PHP 工具
    诸如 phpize，安装 PHP CLI 等等。

13. 配置 php.ini

    cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini

    可以编辑 php.ini 文件以修改 PHP 的选项。如果想要把此文件放到另外的位置，
    需要在步骤 10 添加 --with-config-file-path=/path 选项。

    如果选择 php.ini -recommended，请务必阅读其中的变更的列表，它们将影响
    PHP 的执行。

14. 编辑 httpd.conf 文件以调用 PHP 模块。LoadMolude 表达式右边的路径必须指向
    系统中的 PHP。以上的 make install 命令可能已经完成了这些，但务必要检查。

    对于 PHP 4：
       LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so

    对于 PHP 5：
       LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

15. 告知 Apache 将特定的扩展名解析成 PHP，例如，让 Apache 将扩展名 .php
    解析成 PHP。可以将任何扩展名指定为 PHP，只需添加它们，每一个用空格分隔。
    例如，要添加 .phtml：

    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

    通常还将 .phps 扩展名设置成显示高亮的 PHP 源文件，可以这样来完成：

    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

16. 启动 Apache 服务器：
   /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

按照上面的步骤便可以使 Apache 2.0 将 PHP 作为 SAPI 模块了。当然 Apache 和 PHP 都还有很多配置选项，可以在相应的源代码目录中使用 ./configure --help 获得更多信息。假如要编译一个多线程版本的 Apache 2.0，必须覆盖标准的 MPM-Module prefork，或者 worker 或者 perchild。要这样，需要在上面的第 6 步使用 --with-mpm=worker 或者 --with-mpm=perchild 选项。之前需要了解自己在做什么。更多信息请参考 Apache 文档中关于 MPM-Modules 的部分。

注: 如果要使用内容协商（content negotiation）机制，请阅读 Apache MultiViews 常见问题。

注: 要编译多线程版本的 Apache，系统必须支持多线程。这也意味着需要将 PHP 编译为正处在试验阶段的 Zend Thread Safety（ZTS），因此并不是所有的扩展都可以使用了。推荐编译 Apache 使用标准的 prefork MPM-Module。

add a note User Contributed Notes

pillepop2003 at yahoo dot de
20-Apr-2006 12:18


For unix (especially opensuse 10.0) you can find bison and flex here:



ftp.gnu.org/non-gnu/flex

ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bison



Peace ;-)

felixcca at yahoo dot ca
30-Mar-2006 10:13


I've (painfully) discovered that installing PHP5 with "make install" under SuSe 9.2 is NOT a good idea.

http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/apache2suse.php

This page explains how to install it without breaking everything that's php-related in the Apache2 configuration. Its first purpose, though, is to show how to have php 4 and 5 to cohabit properly.

payne747 at yahoo dot com
15-Feb-2006 12:05


When compiling php 5.1.2 on Debian 3.1 (Sarge) with Apache 2.2.0, I ran into problems with libxml2 and libxml2-config not found errors. After checking the base install, Debian leaves out the libxml2 headers, they can be downloaded using apt-get:



apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev



PHP should then compile fine.

frank@ethisoft
28-Sep-2005 05:30


Using Apache2 & PHP5 work perfectly fine & safe together.

- all core modules are safe in Zend Engine 2

- third-party-libraries should be avoided

- semaphores and shared memory enables you to ensure yourself that your application/website is thread-safe also with non-thread-safe PHP modules!

happyboy at php dot org
04-Aug-2005 07:30


FILE TRUNCATED!!



during the make process should u receive an error declaring ext/ctype/ctype.lo (or another file) is truncated then you need to 'make clean' prior to a healthy 'make' and 'make install.'



looking into your ext/ directory you may find the offensive file to be 1 byte long.

v_santhanam at nospam dot ettimadai dot amrita dot edu
13-May-2005 02:30


if you are getting the following error : "Cannot load /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp4.so into server: /usr/local/apache2/

modules/libphp4.so: undefined symbol: compress" , you have to add --with-zlib to php config

sukhruprai at yahoo dot com
31-Mar-2005 07:17


For good step by step instructions read Compiling PHP and Apache 2 from source on Linux OS:

http://www10.brinkster.com/ssruprai/comphp.asp

fggarcia at ice dot co dot cr
26-Mar-2005 09:26


I think that it's important says that the option --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs in the configure script it's necesary to build the libphp5.so (in PHP5). Then in the make install command, this .so module will be installed in the modules directory of Apache home



I see on the Web a lot of persons with the trouble of missing the libphp5.so and this is the solution.



Regards,



Frank.

mihai dot sandu at gtstelecom dot ro
28-Feb-2005 09:22


For the SuSE9.2 install of PHP5.

First:

If building on a x64 platform, please set LDFLAGS="-L/usr/lib64" before configure.

As for install, it suffices to go to /etc/apache2 and:

ln -s sysconfig.d/loadmodule.conf httpd2-prefork.conf

and then make install

neil
11-Feb-2005 06:21


To install mysql and mysqli with PHP5 do the following:



after doing:



./configure --with-mysql=/path/to/mysql_config --with-mysqli=/path/to/mysql_config



do this:



"

    if you want to use both the old mysql and the new mysqli interface, load the Makefile into your editor and search for the line beginning with EXTRA_LIBS; it includes -lmysqlclient twice; remove the second instance

"



then you can:



make

make install



.....

Pleasse note: you must have mysql-dev installed (RPM or source) or you will not have the mysql_config file at all.  The standard, server, and client installations of MySQL do not include it.  I read somewhere that the mysql and mysqli paths must be identical.



Quoted from Michael Kofler at the following link:

http://www.kofler.cc/forum/forumthread.php?rootID=3571

jmartinNO at SPAMcolumbiaservices dot net
25-Jan-2005 07:44


Well I was getting the following error when trying to run make (shared module for Apache 2.0.52)



*** Warning: inter-library dependencies are not known to be supported.

*** All declared inter-library dependencies are being dropped.



(Then of course 'make install' would puke on itself not having what it needs.)



Soo, after some time looking I found that using:  



libtoolize --force



and following the instructions to add the contents of 1 file to the local file 



cat /some/dir/file1 >> localfile



Would produce the desired results when you run:



make clean

make

Dan Scott (dan dot scott at acm dot org)
20-Jan-2005 12:36


Building PHP 5.x with Apache2 on SuSE Professional 9.1/9.2



SuSE uses a rather fragmented set of Apache configuration files stored in /etc/apache2/. When you configure PHP 5.x with:



$ ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/sbin/apxs2

$ make



everything builds just fine; but when you issue:

$ su -c "make install"



the unconventional Apache conf file layout confuses the install-sapi section of the Makefile and the process halts with the following error:



apxs:Error: Config file /etc/apache2/httpd2-prefork.conf not found.

make: *** [install-sapi] Error 1



At this point only the PHP SAPI library has been copied into place; the rest of the files (like PEAR scripts, PHP-CLI, etc) have not been installed. But never fear! You can overcome this problem with the following steps:



1. Edit Makefile and change the following line to remove "install-sapi":

install_targets = install-sapi install-cli install-pear install-build install-headers install-programs



2. Issue the make install command again:

$ su -c "make install"



3. Add the PHP module & type instructions to the Apache configuration. As root, create a new file, /etc/apache2/conf.d/php5.conf that contains the following lines:



LoadModule php5_module /usr/lib/apache2/libphp5.so

AddType application/x-httpd-php php



--- And that's it. Everything else is just as the documentation suggests it should be.

Jon Drukman
14-Jan-2005 08:09


We have been running Apache 2 Prefork + PHP 4 (many different versions) for well over a year now, serving 10's of millions of pages per day on dozens of servers.  It is completely stable and reliable.

praveen dot k at masconit dot com
15-Nov-2004 05:38


Hi too had same problem with multiview like when i execute http://huey/admin/test.php it used to compile but when i use http://huey/admin/test it wouldnt recognise it as php file... i worked it out with the addhandler method and AddType in different line and setting multiview for directive 



"multiviews Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews"



the directives u can set it to root directory so now when u type pn test it will search in precendence for test.php, test.html if any .....



its working for me with apache2.0.47 and php 4.3.9 on solaris



praveen

nospam-1 at spam dot matt dot blissett dot me dot uk
01-Oct-2004 06:52


If you're trying to get PHP and Multiviews to work properly, try this page:

http://tranchant.plus.com/notes/multiviews



(In brief, a request for the URL http://example.net/thing, where there are possible matches thing.php and thing.pdf, returns a 406 with many browsers because of the application/x-httpd-php MIME type set above. The link above gives a better method for using php, instead using these directives:

AddHandler php5-script php [or php-script for php4]

AddType text/html php

For more info see the link.)

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