PHP 手册
后退前进


parse_str

(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

parse_str -- Parses the string into variables

Description

void parse_str ( string str [, array &arr] )

Parses str as if it were the query string passed via a URL and sets variables in the current scope. If the second parameter arr is present, variables are stored in this variable as array elements instead.

注: Support for the optional second parameter was added in PHP 4.0.3.

注: To get the current QUERY_STRING, you may use the variable $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']. Also, you may want to read the section on variables from outside of PHP.

注: The magic_quotes_gpc setting affects the output of this function, as parse_str() uses the same mechanism that PHP uses to populate the $_GET, $_POST, etc. variables.

例子 1. Using parse_str()

<?php
$str = "first=value&arr[]=foo+bar&arr[]=baz";
parse_str($str);
echo $first;  // value
echo $arr[0]; // foo bar
echo $arr[1]; // baz

parse_str($str, $output);
echo $output['first'];  // value
echo $output['arr'][0]; // foo bar
echo $output['arr'][1]; // baz

?>

See also parse_url(), pathinfo(), get_magic_quotes_gpc(), and urldecode().


add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
motin at demomusic dot nu
15-Apr-2006 09:13
When you have scripts run through the command-line (like locally via cron), you might want to be able to use _GET and _POST vars. Put this in top of your scheduled task files:

<?
   parse_str ($_SERVER['argv'][1], $GLOBALS['_GET']);
   parse_str ($_SERVER['argv'][2], $GLOBALS['_POST']);
?>

And call your script by:

/usr/local/bin/php /path/to/script.php "id=45&action=delete" "formsubmitted=true"

Cheers!
avi at amarcus dot com
04-Sep-2005 09:32
If you are trying to preserve a complex array, the function serialize might be better than http_build_query or other methods of making a query string.
ET
01-Sep-2005 06:14
In reply to what kerosuppi posted:

[quote]This does not work as expected.[/quote]
No, it works exactly as expected.

The call <?php parse_str($this->query_string);?>  "sets variables in the current scope" (just like said in the manual).

You are using this call in the constructor. Once the constructor is finished, the scope of this function has ended so it's logical that you can't access the variables anymore.

Your workaround though is a good one.

Hope this helps,
ET
Tore Bjlseth
29-Jun-2005 08:59
As of PHP 5, you can do the exact opposite with http_build_query(). Just remember to use the optional array output parameter.

This is a very useful combination if you want to re-use a search string url, but also slightly modify it:

Example:
<?
$url1 = "action=search&interest[]=sports&interest[]=music&sort=id";
$str = parse_str($url1, $output);

// Modifying criteria:
$output['sort'] = "interest";

$url2 = http_build_query($output);

echo "<br>url1: ".$url1;
echo "<br>url2: ".$url2;
?>

Results in:
url1: action=search&interest[]=sports&interest[]=music&sort=id
url2: action=search&interest[0]=sports&interest[1]=music&sort=interest

(Array indexes are automatically created.)
vargasangelo_1990 at hotmail dot com
20-Jun-2005 02:46
this can be another option for STR PARSING and use it as a $_GET variable.
<?php
$str= "op=downloads&id=1&details=1";
function parse_to_get($str=false){
   if($REQUEST_URI==$str): $ex = explode("/".$PHP_SELF."?", $str); $str = $ex[1]; endif;
   if($str):
       $a = explode("&", $str);
       foreach($a as $e){
           if($e):
               list($k,$v)=explode("=", $e);
               $_GET[$k]=$v;
           endif;
       }
   endif;
   extract($_GET);
}
parse_top_get("index.php?page=info&name=jonh&id=4245&app=server");

?>
:)

//Trukin
kerosuppi
30-May-2005 12:22
This does not work as expected.

<?php
class someclass
{
   var $query_string;
   function someclass($a_query_string)
   {
       $this->query_string = $a_query_string;
       parse_str($this->query_string);
   }
   function output()
   {
       echo $this->action;
   }
}

$a_class = new someclass("action=go");
$a_class->output();
?>

Use this instead.

<?php
class someclass
{
   var $arr;
   function someclass($a_query_string)
   {
       parse_str($a_query_string, $this->arr);
   }
   function output()
   {
       echo $this->arr['action'];
   }
}

$a_class = new someclass("action=go");
$a_class->output();
?>
mortoray at ecircle-ag dot com
25-May-2005 03:18
In Kent's solution you may wish to switch "urldecode" into "rawurldecode" if you'd like to get rid of the [annoying] plus '+' converted to space ' ' translation.
kent at nospam dot ioflux dot com
06-May-2005 11:13
You may want to parse the query string into an array.

<?php
/**
 * Similar to parse_str. Returns false if the query string or URL is empty. Because we're not parsing to
 * variables but to array key entries, this function will handle ?[]=1&[]=2 "correctly."
 *
 * @return array Similar to the $_GET formatting that PHP does automagically.
 * @param string $url A query string or URL
 * @param boolean $qmark Find and strip out everything before the question mark in the string
*/
function parse_query_string($url, $qmark=true)
{
   if ($qmark) {
       $pos = strpos($url, "?");
       if ($pos !== false) {
           $url = substr($url, $pos + 1);
       }
   }
   if (empty($url))
       return false;
   $tokens = explode("&", $url);
   $urlVars = array();
   foreach ($tokens as $token) {
       $value = string_pair($token, "=", "");
       if (preg_match('/^([^\[]*)(\[.*\])$/', $token, $matches)) {
           parse_query_string_array($urlVars, $matches[1], $matches[2], $value);
       } else {
           $urlVars[urldecode($token)] = urldecode($value);
       }
   }
   return $urlVars;
}

/**
 * Utility function for parse_query_string. Given a result array, a starting key, and a set of keys formatted like "[a][b][c]"
 * and the final value, updates the result array with the correct PHP array keys.
 *
 * @return void
 * @param array $result A result array to populate from the query string
 * @param string $k The starting key to populate in $result
 * @param string $arrayKeys The key list to parse in the form "[][a][what%20ever]"
 * @param string $value The value to place at the destination array key
*/
function parse_query_string_array(&$result, $k, $arrayKeys, $value)
{
   if (!preg_match_all('/\[([^\]]*)\]/', $arrayKeys, $matches))
       return $value;
   if (!isset($result[$k])) {
       $result[urldecode($k)] = array();
   }
   $temp =& $result[$k];
   $last = urldecode(array_pop($matches[1]));
   foreach ($matches[1] as $k) {
       $k = urldecode($k);
       if ($k === "") {
           $temp[] = array();
           $temp =& $temp[count($temp)-1];
       } else if (!isset($temp[$k])) {
           $temp[$k] = array();
           $temp =& $temp[$k];
       }
   }
   if ($last === "") {
       $temp[] = $value;
   } else {
       $temp[urldecode($last)] = $value;
   }
}

/**
* Breaks a string into a pair for a common parsing function.
*
* The string passed in is truncated to the left half of the string pair, if any, and the right half, if anything, is returned.
*
* An example of using this would be:
* <code>
* $path = "Account.Balance";
* $field = string_pair($path);
*
* $path is "Account"
* $field is "Balance"
*
* $path = "Account";
* $field = string_pair($path);
*
* $path is "Account"
* $field is false
* </code>
*
* @return string The "right" portion of the string is returned if the delimiter is found.
* @param string $a A string to break into a pair. The "left" portion of the string is returned here if the delimiter is found.
* @param string $delim The characters used to delimit a string pair
* @param mixed $default The value to return if the delimiter is not found in the string
* @desc
*/
function string_pair(&$a, $delim='.', $default=false)
{
   $n = strpos($a, $delim);
   if ($n === false)
       return $default;
   $result = substr($a, $n+strlen($delim));
   $a = substr($a, 0, $n);
   return $result;
}

?>
11-Mar-2005 08:26
yet another simpler way to do the reverse this function.
<?php
   /* BSD LINCENSE */
   function build_str($query_array) {
       $query_string = array();
       foreach ($query_array as $k => $v) {
           $query_string[] = $k.'='.$v;
       }
       return join('&', $query_string);
   }

   // example of use
   // set  a query string
   $test_query = "a=b&c=d";
   // parse a string
   parse_str($test_query, $query_array);
   //print it
   print_r($query_array);
  
   // test the build_str function
   if ( build_str($query_array) == $test_query ) {
       echo "It works";
   } else {
       echo "It doesn't work";
   }

?>
nospam at fiderallalla dot de
03-Feb-2005 06:29
Maybe you need an opposite which works with arrays:

<?php
function query_str ($params) {
   if ( !is_array($params) || count($params) == 0 ) return false;
   $fga = func_get_args();
   $akey = ( !isset($fga[1]) ) ? false : $fga[1];       
   static $out = Array();
  
   foreach ( $params as $key=>$val ) {
       if ( is_array($val) ) {   
           query_str($val,$key);
           continue;
       }

       $thekey = ( !$akey ) ? $key : $akey.'['.$key.']';
       $out[] = $thekey."=".$val;
   }
  
   return implode("&",$out);   
}
?>
anatilmizun at gmail dot com
13-Oct-2004 07:10
I wrote a pair of functions using parse_str() that will write values in an array to a textfile and vice versa, read those values from the textfile back into the array. Quite useful if you need to store lots of data but don't have access to SQL.

Save the array by calling cfg_save($filename,$array) and load it back using $array=cfg_load($filename)

<?php
$newline="";

function cfg_load($cfgfile){
   global $newline;
   $setting="";
   if(file_exists($cfgfile)){
       $setting=fopen($cfgfile, "r");
       $ookk="";
       while($ook=fgets($setting)){
           #strip comment
           $commt=strpos($ook,"##");
           if($commt!==false) $ook=substr($ook,0,$commt);
           #append
           if($ook!="") $ookk=$ookk."&".    str_replace($newline,"\n",str_replace("&","%26",trim($ook)));
       }   
       fclose($setting);   
       parse_str($ookk, $setting);
   }
   return $setting;
}

function cfg_save($cfgfile,$setting){
   global $intArray;
   $intArray="";
   for($i=0;$i<2000;$i++)
       $intArray[]=$i;
   if(is_array($setting)){
       $allkeys=array_keys($setting);
       foreach($allkeys as $aKey)
           cfg_recurse($setting[$aKey], $aKey, $outArray);
   }
   $cfgf=fopen($cfgfile,"w");
   foreach($outArray as $aLine)
       fputs($cfgf,stripslashes($aLine)."\r\n");
   fclose($cfgf);
}

function cfg_recurse($stuffIn, $keysofar, &$toAppend){
   global $intArray, $newline;
   if(is_array($stuffIn)){
       $allkeys=array_keys($stuffIn);
       if(array_slice($intArray,0,sizeof($allkeys))==$allkeys)
           $nokey=true;
       else
           $nokey=false;
       foreach($allkeys as $aKey){
           if(!$nokey) $toKey=$aKey;   
           cfg_recurse($stuffIn[$aKey], $keysofar."[".$toKey."]", $toAppend);
       }
   }else
       $toAppend[]=$keysofar."=".str_replace("\n",$newline,$stuffIn);
}
?>

Note that these functions support nested arrays of unlimited levels ;)
Matt Curtis
09-Sep-2004 11:46
If the querystring contains duplicate keys in the key-value pairs, parse_str will only return the last instance of the value.  For example, in the following:

<?php
$mystr = "test1=blah&test2=bleh&test1=burp";
parse_str($mystr, $myarray);
echo $myarray['test1'];
?>
The value output will be 'burp'. 

I wrote a function that takes a querystring and returns the the key-value pairs as a two-dimensional array so each duplicate key is available:

<?php
$str = "test1=blah&test2=bleh&test1=burp";
$valsarray = parse_str_ext($str);
echo $valsarray['test1'][0];
echo $valsarray['test1'][1];
echo $valsarray['test2'][0];

function parse_str_ext($toparse) {
   $returnarray = array();
   $keyvaluepairs = split("&", $toparse);
   foreach($keyvaluepairs as $pairval) {
       $splitpair = split("=", $pairval);
       if(!array_key_exists($splitpair[0], $returnarray)) $returnarray[$splitpair[0]] = array();

       $returnarray[$splitpair[0]][] = $splitpair[1];
   }
   return $returnarray;   
}
?>

Output will be:
blah
burp
bleh
17-Jun-2004 08:23
Note that variables cannot contain a DOT (.) in PHP. So, DOT will be replaced by underscore.
e.g. variables like "variable.something" will be converted into "variable_something".
01-Apr-2004 02:58
The documentation does not appear to mention that parse_str also urldecodes each item in the resulting array.

There also appears to be a bug in earlier versions of PHP that causes these urldecoded strings to also be escaped.  (Certainly I was having problems with %22 being turned into /" on my server, but not on my development box, despite forcing magic quotes off).
dante at lorenso dot com
06-Jul-2003 01:11
You can perform the opposite of this function if you like with a function like I've built below:

   /**
     * Reverse of parse_str().  Converts array into
     * string with query format
     */
   function query_str ($params) {
       $str = '';
       foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
           $str .= (strlen($str) < 1) ? '' : '&';
           $str .= $key . '=' . rawurlencode($value);
       }
       return ($str);
   }

-- Dante
add a note add a note


后退起点前进
ord上一级print